Les Pradelles (level 10)
Basic information
Sample name: Les Pradelles (level 10)
Sample aka: Marillac
Reference: S. Costamagno, L. Meignen, C. Beauval, B. Vandermeersch, and B. Maureille. 2006. Les Pradelles (Marillac-le-France, France): A mousterian reindeer hunting camp. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 25:466-484 [ER 3979]
Geography
Country: France
Coordinate: 45° 44' N, 0° 26' E
Coordinate basis: based on nearby landmark
Time interval: Late Pleistocene
Unit number: 10
Unit order: above to below
Max Ma: 0.071
Min Ma: 0.0576
Age basis: other
Geography comments: "at Marillac-le-Franc (in the Department of Charente)" (coordinate based on Marillac-le-Franc)
layer 10 is also called "facies 2a"
a "burnt flint" from the immediately overlying lithofacies 2b was "TL-dated to 57.6 ± 4.5 ka" and the layer is no older than the "end of MIS 4", meaning 71 ka (Garralda et al. 2020)
layer 10 is also called "facies 2a"
a "burnt flint" from the immediately overlying lithofacies 2b was "TL-dated to 57.6 ± 4.5 ka" and the layer is no older than the "end of MIS 4", meaning 71 ka (Garralda et al. 2020)
Environment
Lithology: breccia
Taphonomic context: cave,human accumulation
Archaeology: stone tools
Habitat comments: "a collapsed gallery within a karst system" meaning a "sinkhole" or "collapsed karstic cave" according to Garralda et al. (2020)
"clast-supported limestone deposits associated to a clayey matrix" meaning a breccia (Garralda et al. 2020)
there are "cut marks on more than half of the long bone fragments" of reindeer, incating "primary butchery" on the site, so this is a hunting accumulation
there are 550 "lithic tools" in layer 10
"clast-supported limestone deposits associated to a clayey matrix" meaning a breccia (Garralda et al. 2020)
there are "cut marks on more than half of the long bone fragments" of reindeer, incating "primary butchery" on the site, so this is a hunting accumulation
there are 550 "lithic tools" in layer 10
Methods
Life forms: carnivores,primates,rodents,ungulates
Sampling methods: quarry
Sample size: 614 specimens
Years: 1967 - 1980, 2001
Sampling comments: "Although a Neanderthal mandible was discovered in 1939 (Ragout and Balout, 1942), it was not until 1967 that the site was subjected to a real scientific excavation. This fieldwork, carried out by Vandermeersch, went on until 1980. New excavations have been undertaken by Maureille and A. Mann since 2001"
the site stratigraphy was apparently developed by Vandermeersch, so the earlier collections are apparently not included here
the site stratigraphy was apparently developed by Vandermeersch, so the earlier collections are apparently not included here
Metadata
Sample number: 4393
Contributor: John Alroy
Enterer: John Alroy
Created: 2023-12-04 11:32:56
Modified: 2023-12-04 00:32:56
Abundance distribution
9 species
0 singletons
total count 614
geometric series index: 10.9
Fisher's α: 1.495
geometric series k: 0.5044
Hurlbert's PIE: 0.3809
Shannon's H: 0.8658
Good's u: 1.0000
Each square represents a species. Square sizes are proportional to counts.
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Register
| Canis lupus | 11 | 43 kg carnivore |
| Vulpes sp. | 7 | |
| "Vulpes" or "Alopex" | ||
| †Crocuta spelaea | 7 | |
| Bovidae indet. | 54 | |
| "Bos" or "Bison" | ||
| Rangifer tarandus | 477 | 69 kg browser |
| Cervus elaphus | 2 | 142 kg browser-grazer |
| Equus ferus | 48 | 422 kg |
| "Equus caballus germanicus" | ||
| Marmota marmota | 2 | |
| †Homo neanderthalensis | 6 | |
| see Garralda et al. (2020, Table 1) | ||